Understanding Periodontal Disease (Gum Disease): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Periodontal disease, commonly known as gum disease, is an inflammatory condition that affects the gums and supporting structures around the teeth. It begins when bacteria in dental plaque irritate the gum tissue, leading to infection. Left untreated, gum disease can cause gum recession, bone loss, and even tooth loss.

Causes of Periodontal Disease

Several factors can contribute to the development of gum disease, including:

• Poor Oral Hygiene – Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to build up, leading to inflammation.
• Tobacco Use – Smoking or chewing tobacco reduces blood flow to the gums and weakens immunity.
• Genetics – Some individuals are more susceptible despite good oral hygiene.
• Hormonal Changes – Puberty, pregnancy, or menopause can increase gum sensitivity.
• Medications – Certain drugs, including anticonvulsants and immunosuppressants, can affect gum health.
• Systemic Conditions – Diabetes and other chronic illnesses can increase the risk of gum disease.

Symptoms of Periodontal Disease

Warning signs of gum disease include:

• Red, swollen, or tender gums
• Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
• Receding gums, making teeth appear longer
• Persistent bad breath (halitosis)
• Loose or shifting teeth

If you notice these symptoms, it’s important to seek dental care early before the condition progresses.

Stages of Periodontal Disease

1. Gingivitis – The earliest stage, characterised by gum redness and bleeding. Reversible with proper care.
2. Periodontitis – Infection spreads below the gumline, causing tissue and bone damage.
3. Advanced Periodontitis – Severe bone loss results in tooth mobility and potential tooth loss.

Treatment Options for Periodontal Disease

At Renew Dental Lounge in Upper Mount Gravatt, we provide a range of treatments tailored to the severity of gum disease:

• Professional Dental Cleaning – Removes plaque and tartar above the gumline.
• Scaling & Root Planing – Deep cleaning below the gums to smooth root surfaces and encourage healing.
• Antibiotic Therapy – Helps reduce bacterial infection in the gums.
• Gum Surgery – For advanced cases, procedures such as flap surgery or grafting may be required.
• Ongoing Maintenance – Regular check-ups and cleanings are essential to prevent recurrence.

How Periodontal Disease Affects Overall Health

Gum disease doesn’t just impact your smile—it may also be linked to other health issues such as:

• Heart disease
• Diabetes complications
• Respiratory infections
• Pregnancy complications

Maintaining healthy gums can support your overall wellbeing.

Prevention: Protecting Your Gums and Smile

The best way to avoid periodontal disease is through prevention:

• Brush twice a day and floss daily
• Avoid tobacco products
• Eat a nutrient-rich diet
• Manage chronic health conditions such as diabetes
• Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleans

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How is periodontal disease diagnosed?

Through a comprehensive dental exam, which may include gum pocket measurements, X-rays, and a review of medical history.

2. Can gum disease be cured?

Early-stage gingivitis is reversible. Periodontitis can’t be fully reversed but can be managed with professional treatment.

3. Who is at higher risk of developing gum disease?

Smokers, diabetics, people with poor oral hygiene, and those with a family history of periodontal disease.

4. Does gum disease always cause pain?

Not necessarily. Many patients don’t feel pain until the disease is advanced, which is why regular check-ups are vital.

5. What happens if gum disease is left untreated?

It can progress to advanced periodontitis, leading to bone loss, loose teeth, and tooth loss.

Why Choose Renew Dental Lounge?

At Renew Dental Lounge, we are passionate about helping patients protect their gums and maintain long-term oral health. Whether you’re experiencing early signs of gum disease or require advanced treatment, our compassionate team will create a tailored plan to restore and protect your smile.

👉 Book your gum health consultation today at Renew Dental Lounge in Upper Mount Gravatt and take the first step towards healthier gums and a confident smile.

Book an appointment today

At Renew Dental Lounge in Upper Mount Gravatt, we're redefining what it feels like to visit the dentist. If you're searching for a dentist in Mt Gravatt, we're here to help you feel at home in your smile. From gentle family dental check-ups, emergency dentist treatment, through to cosmetic dentistry like teeth whitening, veneers and dental implants, every visit is built on trust, compassion and excellence.

Patients looking for a dentist in Brisbane southside (Upper Mt Gravatt, Mount Gravatt, Mansfield and Mount Gravatt East) choose us for our spa-like environment, advanced technology and human-centred care that eases anxiety and transforms confidence. No matter where you're starting from, we'll meet you exactly where you are, supporting you with clear advice and personalised treatment options. Book an appointment today.